Work Sheet #16 Early and High Gothic Art

The 13^th cent. represents triumph of the church and inspiring philosophy, religion and art.

Early Gothic

1. Gothic style was basically influenced by two religious persons, St. Bernard and Abbot Sugar. Explain.

2. List 4-5 differences between Romanesque and Gothic vaulting styles. (See The Gothic Rib Vault)

Scientia vs.ars: theory + technical knowledge + skill

The masons of churches relied on both especially in their sensitivity of Gothic masons for stone as a building material.

3. A scholastic philosophy and architecture are related how?

4. Designed by Abbot Sugar, St.-Denis was used as a prototype for churches. List 3 influences St.-Denis had on other Gothic churches.

5. What do the tympanum, archivolts of the West façade of Chartes represent?

6. Early and High Gothic sculpture style changed from Romanesque style. List 4-5 specific changes that were made.

7. List 4-5 examples of how Paris shows signs of becoming an intellectual center for Gothic Europe.

High Gothic

1. Structurally, the flying buttress dramatically improved Chartes Cathedral's architecture and served two important functions:

New design plans eliminated the square schematicism and instead, a rectangular bay system is employed. The vault is braced more easily and the alternate support system is gone. This leads to a look of vast continuous and a richly articulated hall.

2. Amiens Cathedral differs from the plan of Chartes. How? List 3-4 ways.

3. What does the term Rayonnant Style mean and how did this new style manifest itself?

4. Sculpture, although mostly appearing on church portals and façade decorations, took on a more naturalistic form. Give examples of this style.

5. What is the Late Gothic “S” curve? Explain a possible origin.

6. The preoccupation with ornamentation manifests itself in illuminated manuscripts. Describe the characteristics. Use the Bellville Breviary, 13-40.

a.)

b.)

c.)

11. Who is now responsible for the illuminations of books?