Dada

v Explain how DADA got started and what the origins are.

v What is DADA?

v How did Jean Arp, from Zurich, create Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance? How and why did he do that?

v What is “ready-made” sculpture and give an example?

v How was the completion of The Large Glass by Duchamp a perfect Dadaism?

v Dadaists in Berlin differed somewhat in their approach. Give an example.

v How does Schwitters develop his collages?

Art in America

v Where was America in the art trend around the turn of the century?

v Who were The Eight?

v What event in 1913 made a major impact on the American Art scene and why was it important?

v What art work caused the most controversy?

v Who was Alfred Stieglitz?

v Stieglitz’s ideal for photography manifests itself in the numerous photos of New York metropolitan areas, skies, and people. The Steerage is one example. Describe.

v How does Man Ray’s Cadeau fit into the Dada mainstream

v Many artists painted in personal styles that reflected parts of the photography, Dada and Cubism movements. Marsden Hartley, Stuart Davis and Aaron Douglas all used many elements from Synthetic Cubism. Briefly describe their examples.

Uniquely American

Define the term Precisionism.

Two artist somewhat associated with this style movement are Charles Demuth and Georgia O’Keeffe. Explain why their examples are included in this section.

WWI Effects on Art

American artists did not feel the extreme effects of a world war as the battles were all fought on European soil. Because of the trauma of war, many European artists were drawn to the expressionist styles. In Germany, many artists actually served in the military and although not a formal movement, these artists took on a “new objectivity.”

One artist whose bitter and harsh tone reflected the effects of his experience was_______________________. His Fit For Active Service is a caustic indictment of the military. Explain

Another artist, enlisting in the military, had similar reaction to the mass destruction and was disillusioned. ________________________ painted Night, as a reaction to how war effects society. Explain.

How does he make this apparent?

Otto Dix’s Der Krieg (The War) (33-40) is likened to the Isenheim Altarpiece by Grunewald. Why is that?
Many of Kathe Kollwitz’s artwork serves up a similar theme. What is the theme and explain.

Surrealism and Fantasy Art

What is Surrealism?

Two lines along which Surrealism developed, define them:

Although not either a Dadaist or a Surrealist, this artist influenced both in his choice of visual representations. Who is he and what is the subject of many of his works?

Another artist creating images before really being a member of or included into the Dada or Surrealist camp is Max Ernst. He developed a process called frottage. What is that?

Artists that seem to flaunt the irrational were Dali and Magritte. Please explain contradictory images.

In 1937, the exhibition of Surrealism took place at the Museum of Modern Art. The visitors selected Object (33-48) by Meret Oppenheim as the symbol that epitomizes the movement. Why do you think it was selected?

Frida Kahlo never considered herself a Surrealist, only that she painted what was real in her life. Gardner extends that discussion by convincing you the example, The Two Fridas, is also a political statement. How does Gardner’s explain this connection?

Who said, “…The first stage (of my painting) is free, unconscious…The second stage is carefully calculated” and what does this statement refer to.

Paul Klee’s work is said to be rooted in nature. Explain.

Give an example of this diagrammatic view of birds.